Objective: This study identified the frequency of clinical indications for hysterectomy and the most common pathologies in hysterectomy specimens.

Material and Methods: A total of 361 hysterectomy specimens between October 2007 and October 2009 were retrieved and studied

Results: The most common indication for hysterectomy was leiomyoma (31.85 %). Other indications were endometrial hyperplasia (27.14 %), dysfunctional uterine bleeding (18.55 %), uterine prolapse (9.14 %), chronic pelvic pain (7.20 %), adenomiyosis (3.87 %), cervical neoplasia (2.21 %). The most common pathology identified was leiomyoma (40.16 %). Other pathologies included endometrial hyperplasia (38.22 %), adenomyosis (25.48 %), endometrial polyps (8.86 %), CIN 1 (3.32 %), CIN 2 (1.66 %) and atrophic endometrium (3.60 %). In 158 (43.76 %) of hysterectomy specimens combined pathology was identified. The most common combination was leiomyoma and endometrial hyperplasia (38.60%). Other combined pathologies included adenomoysis and endometrial polyps (17.72 %), adenomyosis and leiomyoma (12.65 %), leiomyoma and endometrial polyps (8.22 %).

Conclusion: The existence of cervical disorders should be demonstrated when an operation is going to be performed for an endometrial pathology in a pre or postmenopausal woman. Cervix and cervical canal should be examined during endometrial evaluation.