Parvovirus B19 is the cause of several distinct clinical syndromes. The most common is erythema infectiosum, a febrile exanthem occurring primarily in children. Recent studies have shown that PV can cause acute arthritis and occasionally a chronic arthropathy. PV is also suspected of playing a role in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. In this report, we present a case with acute polyarthricular arthropaty associated with PV and spontaneously resolved within 2 months. ©2006, Fırat Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi