Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) positive sensory nerves have been shown to play important roles on cardiovascular functions, blood pressure and body weight. Activation of TRPV1 in the kidney increases the glomerular filtration rate and renal sodium and water excretion. Activation of TRPV1 have been shown to have beneficial effects on renal fibrosis in chronic renal failure in process. Additionally, TRPV1 agonists also play renoprotective role in acute ischemic renal injury.